SARA: Self-Aware Resource Allocation for Heterogeneous MPSoCs

In modern heterogeneous MPSoCs, the management of shared memory resources is crucial in delivering end-to-end QoS. Previous frameworks have either focused on singular QoS targets or the allocation of partitionable resources among CPU applications at relatively slow timescales. However, heterogeneous MPSoCs typically require instant response from the memory system where most resources cannot be partitioned. Moreover, the health of different cores in a heterogeneous MPSoC is often measured by diverse performance objectives. In this work, we propose a Self-Aware Resource Allocation (SARA) framework for heterogeneous MPSoCs. Priority-based adaptation allows cores to use different target performance and self-monitor their own intrinsic health. In response, the system allocates non-partitionable resources based on priorities. The proposed framework meets a diverse range of QoS demands from heterogeneous cores.Comment: Accepted by the 55th annual Design Automation Conference 2018 (DAC'18

La qualite gustative du kiwi.

National audienc

La qualite gustative du kiwi.

National audienc

Ceftriaxone and cefotaxime have similar effects on the intestinal microbiota in human volunteers treated by standard-dose regimens

International audienceBackgroundCeftriaxone has a higher biliary elimination than cefotaxime (40% vs 10%), which may result in a more pronounced impact on the intestinal microbiota.MethodsWe performed a monocenter, randomized open-labelled clinical trial in 22 healthy volunteers treated by intravenous ceftriaxone (1g/24hrs) or cefotaxime (1g/8hrs) for 3 days (ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02659033). We collected fecal samples for phenotypic analyses, 16S rRNA gene profiling and measurement of antibiotic concentration, and compared between groups the evolution of microbial counts and indices of bacterial diversity over time. Plasma samples were drawn at day 3 for pharmacokinetic analysis.ResultsEmergence of 3rd generation cephalosporin resistant Gram-negative enteric bacilli (Enterobacterales), Enterococcus spp., or noncommensal microorganisms were not significantly different between groups. Both antibiotics reduced the counts of total Gram-negative enteric bacilli and decreased bacterial diversity, without significant difference between groups. All but one volunteer from each group exhibited undetectable levels of antibiotic in feces. Plasma pharmacokinetic endpoints were not correlated to alteration of bacterial diversity of the gut.ConclusionsBoth antibiotics markedly impact the intestinal microbiota, without any significant difference when standard clinical doses were administered for 3 days. This might be related to similar daily amounts of antibiotics excreted through the bile using a clinical regimen

Vulnérabilité des croûtes biologiques et dégradation des sols en zone sahélienne

National audienceLes Croûtes Biologiques de Surface (BSC), ou croûtes microbiotiques, résultent essentiellement de la colonisation de la surface du sol par des micro-organismes, en majorité des cyanobactéries. Ces croûtes représentent un état structural typique des sols nus dans les écosystèmes semi-arides, arides et désertiques. Les micro-organismes qui les composent ont la particularité de fixer l'azote et le carbone atmosphérique. Ils contribuent ainsi à l'amélioration de la qualité des sols dégradés, notamment via la formation de substrats stables vis-à-vis de l'érosion et l'apport de nutriments. Le développement et le fonctionnement de ces croûtes sont profondément affectés par les changements climatiques et les modalités d'usage des sols. Le projet BIOCRUST a pour objet l'étude des croûtes microbiotiques en zone sahélienne (Fig.1). Les sites d'études choisis permettront l'étude de la dynamique spatio-temporelle des BSC dans des contextes climatiques contrastés et sous la pression anthropique des pratiques pastorales et culturales locales

Effect of mineralogical, geochemical and biological properties on soils reflectance to assess temporal and spatial dynamics of BSCs in Sahelian ecosystems

International audienceLand degradation and desertification are among the major environmental problems, resulting in reduced productivity and development of bare surfaces in arid and semi-arid areas of the world. One important factor that acts to increase soil stability and nutrient content, and thus to prevent water and wind erosion and enhance soil productivity of arid environment, is the presence of biological soil crusts (BSCs). They are the dominant ground cover and a key component of arid environments built up mainly by cyanobacteria. They enhance degraded soil quality by providing a stable and water-retaining substratum and increasing fertility by N and C fixations. The BioCrust project, funded by ANR (VMCS 2008), focuses on BSCs in the Sahelian zone of West Africa (Niger), a highly vulnerable zone facing soil degradation due to the harsh climatic conditions, with variable rainfall, and high anthropic pressure on land use. Unlike arid areas of developed countries (USA, Australia and Israel) or China where BSCs have been extensively studied, studies from Sahelian zone (Africa) are limited (neither the inventory of their different form nor the estimation of their spatial extension has been carried out). The form, structure and composition of BSCs vary depending on characteristics related to soils and biological composition. This study focuses on the soils characterisation using ground-based spectroradiometry. An extensive database was built included spectral measurements on BSCs, bare soils and vegetation that occur in the same area, visual criteria, in situ and laboratory measurements on the physical, chemical and biological characteristics of BSCs and their substratum. The work is carried out on geo-statistical processing of data acquired in sites along a north-south climatic gradient and three types of representative land uses. The investigated areas are highly vulnerable zone facing soil degradation due to the harsh climatic conditions, with variable rainfall, and high anthropic pressure on land use Soil surface disturbances due to the intensification of human activities. Spectral field and laboratory data were acquired in February 2009 with the FieldSpec Pro® The spectra of soils with respect to different parameters are studied in details and their separability from BSCs, vegetation and vegetation residue as well are be analysed. First, the effect of the mineralogy and the geochemical variables on the soil reflectance properties is studied and then the feasibility to resolve some of these effects with satellite imagery (e. g., ASTER) will be tested in order to define the potential capability for identifying the locations of sensitive areas affected by soil degradation and appearance of BSCs